Textile machinery



Feb. 14, 1928. 1,659,441

D. MG]. PROCTOR TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed Sept. 28, 1927 INVENTOR w, Jiii Patented Feb. 14, 1928.

* 'UNITED STATES PATENT 1,659,441 I OFFICE.

DOUGLAS MOINTYRE PROCTOR, F BUSHEY, WATFORD, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORjTO THE GARBORUNDUM COMPANY, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK.

- TEXTILE. MACHINERY.

Application filed September 2,1927, Serial No This invention relates to the textile indust-r'y and more particularly to machines for drawing, spinning, or otherwise treating fibrous material,'such, for example, as gill- 5 ing, combing, weigh boxes, finishers, twisting and reducing machines.

In machines of this general nature there are ordinarily'provideda pairof rolls, one disposed above the other, between which the brous material being worked is passed. One of the rollers is usually positively driven, while the other is driven frictionally, the fibers passing between it and the positively driven roller. The output capacity of the machinery and the uniformity of quality of the product are determined by the proper operation of these rollers. There is difficulty in overcoming the tendency to slip on the part of the fibers and the frictionally driven roller. Various attempts have been made to overcome this slipping. For example, springs or weights for urging the layers together with considerable pressure have been employed. The excessive use of weights or springs imposes a heavy working load on the bearings of the machine and the slippage is not entirely eliminated.

Frequently the peripheries of the rollers are provided with grooves or flutes running parallel to the axis thereof. Such rollers are subjected to rapid wear, theyare expensive to machine, and are apt to cut the fibers being passed between them.

It has been proposed to make the rollers of cast iron and steel without any covering thereon. Such rollers are subjected to, wear and become polished, causing a variation in friction coefficient, which in turn, frequently results in uneven yarnyslack twist and the like. It has also been proposed to cover the rollers with rubber of, various degrees of hardness and with coverings of leather. All such rollers, 'as have heretofore been used, do not successfullyovercome the difficulty or call for the exercise of a. degree of pressure such as will damage the material. In either case faulty production results.

According to the present invention, it is proposed to provide one or both of such rollers in machines of this class with a surface of bonded abrasive material, such, for instance, as silicon carbide or electrically fused alumina grains. The grit of the bonded abrasive material can be varied according to the type of fibers being worked.

alumina or other hard abrasive substance,

. 222,579, and in Great Britain June 29, 1926.

Thus for coarse material, such as manillahemp, a coarse grit can be. used andfor finer fibers a finer grit may be used.

The invention may be readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a more or less diagrammatical view of a portion, ofa spinning machine showing rollers embodying my invention applied thereto;

Figure 2 is a front elevation of of roller;

Figure 3 is a side view of the roller shown in Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a view of another form of roller.

In the drawings, A designates generally a spinning machine of any usualor preferred construction. In the machine is a power driven shaft 2, on which is a roller 3. According to the resent invention the surface of the roller is formed of bonded abrasive material 4. The bonded abrasive material may comprise silicon carbide, fused one form together with a,suitable binding material, as a silicate, shellac, natural and artificial resins, ceramic bonds and the like.

As shown in Figures ,1, 2 and 3, the body of the roller may be of metal with the bonded abrasive material molded or formed about the periphery thereof, or otherwise secured to the metal hub portion. If desired, the entire roller may be made of bonded abrasive material, as illustrated in Figure 4, in which-4 represents a roller of bonded abrasive material suitably clamped or otherwise secured to the shaft 2.

Above the roller 3 is a second roller 5 which is similar. The second roller 5 may be of any suitable construction, or may also 'have a bonded abrasive surface the same as friction which is' preserved under all conditionsover an indefinite period, and offering great resistance to wear, present the further advantage that they are unaffectedby oil, moisture, dyes, and chemicals such as are used in the working and manufacture of textile fibers. Furthermore, the pressure commonly applied to the rollers may be reduced by half and even to seventy percent,

.. formly drafted so that the product is of greater uniformity. By eliminating the slip, the machine will operate more efiiciently and its output be thereby increased, and

improved.

While I have described the machine A as being a spinning machine, it will be understood that the invention is equally applicable to various fiber working machines, such as gilling machines and finishing boxes, pre

paring boxes, strong boxes, weigh boxes, drawing machines, finishers, reducers, rov ing machines and twisters and the term fibre arrangingmachines as used herein, and in the claims, shall be understood to refer to all such machines for drafting and arranging the fibres. The machine shown in Figure 1 is merely diagrammatic and is shown by way of illustration of one application of my invention to fiber working machinery. The rollers may be variously arranged according to the type of machines in which they are employed and for the type of materials being treated. Under some circumstances only one roller will have a bonded abrasive surface. The grit of the abrasivematerial may be varied according, to the type of fibers for which the machine is to be used. Ordinarily coarser grits would be empolyed with coarser fibers.

The construction of the rollers may be variously modified. Instead of a special metal hub 3, the bonded abrasive material might be formed directly on the-surface of one of the old type of fluted steel rollers, thus obviating the cost of new rollers. The rollers having a bonded abrasive surface may be trued when worn, and when worn out can be easily and. cheaply replaced. Thus the rollers of a machine of this character may be maintained in efficient drafting condition at low cost.

The application of my invention to fiber working machinery therefore results In an improved productwith a higher production for a. machine and with a lower maintenance 3. In a fiber arranging machine, a, pair of rollers which. cooperate, at least one of said rollers having its worklng surface formed of a bonded abrasive.

4. In a fiber arranging machine, afpair of 

